Selected Visualization Guidelines

Design process

  • Iterate over your designs, get feedback

Visualization design

  • A chart must be as simple as possible, but not simpler
  • Rainbow color maps are harmful
  • Don’t use piecharts
  • Correspondence principle: The same data should produce the same visualization
  • Maxime data-ink ratio
  • Overview first, zoom and filter, detail on demand (Shneiderman’s Information seeking mantra)
  • Use interaction in visualization sparsely and cautionsly
  • Don’t use more than six colors together
  • Reduce clutter in Parallel coordinates by reordering axes
  • Use adjacency matrices for dense networks
  • Chose your colors for various types of color-blindness as well as printed in black+white
  • Use several complementary visualizations to reduce clutter and complexity
  • Avoid overuse of texture
  • Highlight and label missing data
  • Focus on the patterns in your data

Communication  & presentation

  • Message first, visualization design second.
  • Don’t truncate axes
  • Label your charts and axes
  • Avoid overlapping labels and other occlusions
  • Chose meaningful scales
  • Add meaningful annotations carefully.
  • Lie factor guideline: The representation of numbers, as physically measured on the surface of the graphic itself, should be directly proportional to the quantities represented.
  • Don’t use the blow-appart effect
  • Introduce and explain your visualization
  • Know your audience
  • Chose a meaningful chart type
  • Avoid redundant information and redundant visual encodings
  • Avoid 3D effects and encoding data in 3D volumes
  • Careful embellishment can improve memorization if related to the patterns in the data
  • Use line charts for continuous (e.g., temporal) values only
  • Avoid circular charts
  • Rely on simple and well-known visualization unless you have a reason
  • Long lines are difficult to follow.